Assistance animals
An assistance animal is usually a dog that helps people with disabilities. They are not pets. They are trained to help with everyday tasks at home and when out.
People who may use assistance dogs include those who:
- have sight or hearing loss
- have physical disabilities
- have conditions such as autism, epilepsy or diabetes
Assistance dogs have special training. This can take 6 months to 2 years. They first learn basic skills, then learn tasks to support a person.
These dogs are classed as an auxiliary aid. They often wear a jacket or harness so people know they are working.
They are allowed in public places, such as:
- shops and restaurants
- schools
- taxis
What assistance dogs do
Assistance dogs can help with daily tasks, for example:
- turning lights on and off
- opening and closing doors
- picking up items like phones or clothes
- pressing buttons
- loading or unloading the washing machine
- warning about danger, such as alarms
- helping you move around safely
They can also help with medical needs, such as:
- noticing changes in blood sugar or seizures
- spotting signs of anxiety
- getting help or bringing medication
You can find more information from Assistance Dogs UK.
You can also see examples in the CBeebies programme Dog Squad.
Emotional support animals
An emotional support animal helps people feel calmer and less worried.
They do not have special training like assistance dogs. They help by being a companion.
These animals can help people feel:
- less lonely
- more confident
They can include:
- dogs
- cats
- rabbits
- birds and other small animals
Dogs are often used because they are easier to take out.
Emotional support animals do not have the same legal rights as assistance dogs. Access to places depends on the setting and safety rules.
Caring for an animal
Having an animal is a big responsibility.
You need to:
- feed them
- keep them clean
- take them to the vet
- pay for their care
You must be able to care for them over their whole life.
Getting an assistance dog
Assistance dogs are not provided by the council or NHS. This is because there is no national guidance recommending assistance dogs be provided as part of health or care support.
You need to apply to a specialist charity, such as:
- Guide Dogs
- Medical Detection Dogs
Each organisation has its own rules and ways to apply.
You will usually need to pay the cost of caring for the dog, such as:
- food
- vet bills
- insurance
You may need special working dog insurance, which includes cover for being in public places.
Some charities may help with training costs through grants.